Diagnosis and treatment of incomplete Kawasaki disease in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a febrile disease mainly observed in children aged <5 years, with medium- and small-vessel vasculitis as the main lesion. Although KD has been reported for more than 50 years and great progress has been made in the etiology and pathology of KD in recent years, there is still a lack of specific indicators for the early diagnosis of KD, especially with more difficulties in the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). At present, there are no clear diagnostic criteria for IKD, which leads to the failure of the timely identification and standardized treatment of IKD in clinical practice and even induce the development of coronary artery lesion. This article reviews the concept, epidemiological features, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up management of IKD, in order to deepen the understanding of IKD among clinical workers and help to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of KD in China.

Strengthening the prevention and treatment of Omicron infection in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

Omicron is a newly discovered variant virus of coronavirus disease 2019 and has spread rapidly around the world. Omicron has been defined as a variant of concern by the World Health Organization. Its epidemiology, pathogenic characteristics, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are still being observed and summarized, and in particular, there are few reports on the diagnosis and treatment of children with Omicron infection. This article introduces the influence of Omicron infection in children and its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Diagnosis and treatment of deep neck abscess due to congenital piriform sinus fistula in children / Diagnóstico e tratamento de abscesso cervical profundo por fístula congênita do seio piriforme em crianças

Abstract Introduction: Congenital piriform sinus fistula is a relatively rare type of disease in clinical practice, most occurring during childhood, but doctors have insufficient knowledge regarding this disease, easily misdiagnosing it. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of deep neck abscess due to congenital piriform sinus fistula in children. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 21 cases from January 2016 to August 2018 in our hospital. The onset age, clinical characteristics, auxiliary examination and clinical treatment of the patients was summarized to analyze the diagnosis, treatment characteristics and prognosis. Results: Children from 11 days to 12 years-old were enrolled, with an average age of 3.5 years. Twenty patients had left congenital piriform sinus fistula and 1 had right congenital piriform sinus fistula. Cervical enhanced computed tomography imaging showed gas-liquid equilibrium or air-shadow in the abscesses in 18 cases, and neck ultrasound demonstrated gas echo in the thyroid region in 10 cases. All patients underwent low temperature plasma to seal the internal fistula and returned to the hospital for electronic laryngoscope and neck ultrasound examination at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after the surgery. No recurrence occurred in any patient. Conclusion: Congenital piriform sinus fistula is an important cause of deep neck abscess in children. The presence of purulent gas-liquid equilibrium or air shadow in cervical-enhanced computed tomography or ultrasound suggests a high possibility of the presence of an internal fistula, and endoscopic low temperature ablation can be done at the same time as the diagnostic endoscopy.

Resumo Introdução: A fístula congênita do seio piriforme é uma doença relativamente rara na prática clínica; a maioria se manifesta na infância; entretanto, os médicos geralmente têm conhecimento insuficiente sobre essa condição clínica e seu diagnóstico é facilmente feito de forma errônea. Objetivo: Identificar as características do abscesso cervical profundo devido à fístula congênita de seio piriforme em crianças. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de 21 casos de janeiro de 2016 a agosto de 2018 em nosso hospital. Idade de início, características clínicas, exames auxiliares e tratamento clínico dos pacientes foram resumidos para analisar o diagnóstico, as características do tratamento e o prognóstico. Resultados: Foram incluídas crianças de 11 dias a 12 anos, com média de 3,5 anos. Vinte pacientes tinham fístula congênita de seio piriforme no lado esquerdo e um no lado direito; a tomografia computadorizada cervical com contraste mostrava distribuição líquido-gasosa ou sombra aérea nos abscessos em 18 casos. O ultrassom cervical demonstrou eco gasoso na região da tireoide em 10 casos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a plasma de baixa temperatura para queimar a fístula interna e retornaram ao hospital para exame com laringoscópio eletrônico e ultrassonografia cervical aos 3 meses, 6 meses e um ano após a cirurgia. Não houve recorrências. Conclusão: A fístula congênita de seio piriforme é uma causa importante de abscesso cervical profundo em crianças. A presença de conteúdo líquido-gasoso purulento ou sombra gasosa na tomografia computadorizada ou no ultrassom cervical sugere uma alta possibilidade da presença de uma fístula interna e a ablação endoscópica a baixa temperatura pode ser feita ao mesmo tempo que a endoscopia diagnóstica.

Clinical characteristics for conservative therapy of pediatric parapharyngeal abscesses / Características clínicas para tratamento conservador em abscessos parafaríngeos pediátricos

Abstract Introduction The role of surgical drainage versus conservative therapy in treating patients with parapharyngeal abscesses is still a theme of debate. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the characteristics associated with good outcomes in pediatric patients with parapharyngeal abscesses treated with conservative therapy. Methods This retrospective chart review was performed on children aged 0.3-14 years with the diagnosis of parapharyngeal abscesses confirmed by computed tomography from January 2013 to March 2018. Patients with a severe upper airway obstruction required early intervention, while those in a stable condition initially received conservative therapy with antibiotics. If the patients appeared unlikely to recover, additional surgical drainage was provided. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to investigate the clinical characteristics associated with a good response to conservative therapy. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to identify the age and abscess size cutoff for predicting a successful response. Results A total of 48 children were included in the study. Patient age, antecedent illness, and abscess size were significantly associated with a response to therapy (Odds Ratio = 1.326, 2.314 and 1.235, respectively). The age cutoff associated with the conservative therapy was 4.2 years (76.9% sensitivity, 68.2% specificity), and the abscess size cutoff associated with the conservative therapy was 23 mm (84.6% sensitivity, 77.3% specificity). Conclusion The findings suggested that younger age, smaller abscess size, and less frequent antecedent illnesses, such as upper respiratory tract infection and lymphadenitis, could predict a successful response to conservative therapy in pediatric patients with parapharyngeal abscesses.

Resumo Introdução O papel da drenagem cirúrgica versus tratamento conservador na abordagem de pacientes com abscessos parafaríngeos ainda é uma questão controversa. Objetivo Investigar as características associadas a um bom desfecho em pacientes pediátricos com abscessos parafaríngeos tratados com terapia conservadora. Método Revisão retrospectiva de prontuários feita em crianças de 14 anos com diagnóstico de abscesso parafaríngeo confirmado por tomografia computadorizada de janeiro de 2013 a março de 2018. Pacientes com obstrução grave das vias aéreas superiores necessitaram de intervenção precoce, enquanto aqueles em estado inicialmente estável receberam tratamento conservador com antibióticos. Se a recuperação dos pacientes parecesse improvável, drenagem cirúrgica adicional era feita. Modelos de regressão logística multivariada foram construídos para investigar as características clínicas associadas a uma boa resposta a terapia conservadora. Uma curva ROC, ou seja, característica de operação do receptor, foi usada para identificar a idade e o tamanho do abscesso com o intuito de prever uma resposta bem-sucedida. Resultados Foram incluídas no estudo 48 crianças. Idade do paciente, doenças respiratórias prévias e comorbidades e tamanho do abscesso foram significantemente associados à resposta terapêutica. (odds ratio = 1.326, 2.314 e 1.235, respectivamente). O ponto de corte da idade associado à terapia conservadora foi de 4,2 anos (sensibilidade de 76,9%, especificidade de 68,2%) e o ponto de corte do tamanho do abscesso associado à terapia conservadora foi de 23 mm (sensibilidade de 84,6%, especificidade de 77,3%). Conclusão Os achados sugerem que idade mais jovem, menor tamanho de abscesso e menor frequência de doença comuns, como infecção do trato respiratório superior e linfadenite, podem prever uma resposta bem-sucedida à terapia conservadora em pacientes pediátricos com abscessos parafaríngeos.

Interpretation of the JCS/JSCS 2020 guideline on diagnosis and management of cardiovascular sequelae in Kawasaki disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

Kawasaki disease is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children. The cardiovascular sequelae of Kawasaki disease, such as coronary artery lesion and giant coronary aneurysm, have a great impact on children's physical and mental health. The Japanese Circulatory Society and the Japanese Society of Cardiac Surgery jointly released the JCS/JSCS 2020 guideline on diagnosis and management of cardiovascular sequelae in Kawasaki disease in July, 2020, which systematically introduces the advances in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular sequelae of Kawasaki disease. The article gives an interpretation in the severity evaluation of Kawasaki disease and diagnosis, treatment and long-term management of cardiovascular sequelae in the guideline.

Kawasaki disease - a new manifestation of COVID-19 in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Europe and America, the incidence of Kawasaki disease has significantly increased, which has aroused concern among pediatricians and parents. COVID-19 can cause inflammation reactions of multiple organs, which is similar to the systemic vasculitis of Kawasaki disease, and even COVID-19 can cause skin rash on the extremities of the limbs, which is also similar to Kawasaki disease. The cause of Kawasaki disease is currently unclear, and it cannot be ruled out that COVID-19 is associated with an increased incidence of Kawasaki disease. Therefore, during the epidemic of COVID-19, if children have symptoms similar to Kawasaki disease, intravenous immunoglobulin is recommended as early as possible to reduce the incidence of coronary artery lesions.

A review on the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in children with coronavirus disease 2019 / 中国当代儿科杂志

With the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) all over the world, there is an increasing number of children with such infection. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), one of the binding sites for SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, can bind to viral spike proteins, allowing transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) to activate S-protein to trigger infection and induce the production of various inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1, interferon-l, and tumor necrosis factor. Compared with adults, children tend to have lower expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, which are presumed to be associated with milder symptoms and fewer cases in children. The article summarizes the research advances in the role of ACE2 during SARS-CoV-2 infection, in order to help understand the pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 and provide a reference for better development of drugs and vaccines to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 in children.

Anti-inflammatory activity of two new sesquiterpenoids from Radix Angelicae Pubescentis / 药学学报

Chemical constituents from the ethanol extract of Radix Angelicae Pubescentis was isolated and purified through Diaion HP-20 macroporous, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration over Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Two new sesquiterpenoid derivatives were identified as angesesquid A (1) and angesesquid B (2), and their structures were determined. In vitro degeneration model of primary rat disc chondrocytes was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of these two compounds. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 had no anti-proliferation effect. Both compounds inhibited the release of NO, but had no inhibitory activity for the release of PGE2. This finding implies that both of these two new sesquiterpenoids could moderately inhibit the inflammatory reaction to some extent.

Application and safety of stereoelectroencephalography in invasive preoperation evaluation of drug-refractory epilepsy / 第二军医大学学报

ObjectiveTo investigate the application and safety of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in invasive preoperation evaluation of drug-refractory epilepsy (DRE). MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with DRE who underwent SEEG implantation in Shenzhen Second People's Hospital and Shenzhen University General Hospital between Aug. 2016. and Nov. 2018. The suspicious epileptogenic focus and propagation path was proposed based on the non-invasive preoperative evaluation, and then the implantation protocol of the SEEG electrodes was designed. Finally, according to the SEEG and electrical stimulation results, the resection or thermocoagulation of suspicious epileptogenic focus was done. ResultsA total of 359 electrodes were implanted in 31 DRE patients, with an average of 11.58 per patient. There were 13 electrodes (3.62%) failed to be implanted, with no additional electrode implantation. One case of intracranial hemorrhage was noted after operation, and there was no intracranial infection or cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Twenty patients received epileptogenic zone resection, 8 received epileptic network radiofrequency thermocoagulation, 1 with epileptic foci in the eloquent cortex underwent vagus nerve stimulation, and 2 received no operation. Thirty-one DRE patients were followed up for 6-30 months, with an average of (11.68±7.46) months. Of the 20 patients who underwent epileptogenic zone resection, 17 patients (85.00%, 17/20) had grade I ILAE (International League Against Epilepsy), 2 (10.00%, 2/20) had grade II, and 1 (5.00%, 1/20) had grade III. For the 8 patients undergoing epileptic network radiofrequency thermocoagulation, 6 (75.00%, 6/8) had grade IILAE and 2 (25.00%, 2/8) had grade III. There was no significant difference in outcome between the two treatments (P=0.61). For 13 patients with negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 10 (76.92%, 10/13) had grade I ILAE, 2 (15.38%, 2/13) had grade II, and 1 (7.69%, 1/13) had grade III; for 15 MRI-positive patients, 13 (86.67%, 13/15) had grade I ILAE and 2 (13.33%, 2/15) had grade III. There was no significant difference in outcome between MRI-positive patients and MRI-negative patients (P=0.64). ConclusionSurgical treatment of DRE patient under the guidance of SEEG is safe and effective, and SEEG can improve the accuracy of epileptogenic foci localization, no matter in MRI positive or MRI negative patients.

Non-polysaccharide chemical constituents of Poria cocos and their anti-complementary activity / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the non-polysaccharide chemical constituents of Poria cocos and their anti-complementary activity. Methods: The anti-complementary bioassay-guided isolation was carried out with the hemolysis test as guide. All isolates were evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities on the classical pathway. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR data. Results: Eleven compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of P. cocos extracts, including stigmasterol (1), lupeol (2), oleanolic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), polyporenic acid C (5), tumulosic acid (6), dehydrotumulosic acid (7), 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid (8), pachymic acid (9), dehydropachymic acid (10), and dehydrotrametenolic acid (11). Compounds 1-4 were obtained from this plant for the first time, and compounds 3-11 showed the anti-complementary activity in different degrees. Conclusion: Triterpenoid acids are the main anti-complementary constituents in the chemical constituents of P. cocos non-polysaccharides (CH50 0.10-0.27 g/L).

Chemical constituents from flower buds of Lonicera japonica / 中草药

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the flower buds of Lonicera japonica. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by repeated silica gel chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, medium pressure column chromatography and preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and comparison of MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data with those reported in literature. Results Twelve compounds from the EtOAc fraction of L. japonica included p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), vanillic acid (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), kaemnpferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 3',4',7-trihydroxy- 3,5-dimethoxyflavone (5), isorhamnetin (6), hyperoside (7), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), secologanic acid (9), vogeloside (10), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acidmethylester (11) and stigmasterol (12). Conclusion Compound 5 is obtained from the plant in Lonicera Linn. for the first time; Compounds 1-4, 6, 11 and 12 are obtained from this plants for the first time.

Biomechanical characteristics of the screw fixation at the fracture level for A3.3 by AO classification thoracolumbar burst fracture / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Treatment strategy for vertebral burst fracture remains controversial because of its complex morphological changes. There is a lack of knowledge concerning the fixation of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification) after screw fixation, thereby providing reference for choosing an appropriate placement method. METHODS: (1) Three-dimensional motion test: the samples were divided into complete set (group A), L1burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification) (group B), trans-vertebral fixation (group C), screw fixation at the unilateral fracture level (group D), screw fixation at the bilateral fracture levels (group E), and screw fixation at the bilateral upper fracture levels (F). Several swine spinal specimens served as group A, L1was modeled into A3.3 by AO classification fracture after three-dimensional motion. (2) The compressive stiffness test: one fresh specimen served as complete group (group A), B, C, D, E, and F groups underwent compressive stiffness test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Three-dimensional motion tests: the range of motion in the group B was significantly decreased after C, D, E, and F fixations (P < 0.05). Compared with groups C, D and E, the range of motion at the directions of anteflexion, left flexion, right flexion, left and right rotation in the group F was significantly increased in the group F (P < 0.05); the range of motion in the groups E and D was significantly smaller than that in the groups C and F (P< 0.05); there was no significant difference between groups D and E (P > 0.05). (2) The stiffness in the other groups was significantly higher than that in the group B, especially group E, and the groups D and A did not differ significantly. (3) These results indicate that the fixation at the unilateral fracture level and bilateral fracture levels both can significantly improve the stability of thoracolumbar burst fracture (A3.3 by AO classification), and the former can reduce the economical burden and placement complications.

Adipose tissue derived stem cells' treatment effects in MRL/lpr mice and its effects on the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:Preliminary study on therapeutic effects of adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) on MRL/lpr mice and the effect on imbalance of Th17/Treg.Methods:Fifteen 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into 3 groups by using random number table,including ADSCs group,control group and cyclophosphamide (CTX) group,with 5 in each group.ADSCs group and control group were injected with 1 × 106ADSCs or phosphate buffered solution (PBS) via tail vein respectively,once a week,a total of eight times.CTX group was injected CTX at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight,once a week for 2 weeks,and then repeated after 2 weeks' rest,a total of four times.The 24-hour proteinuria was measured before and after treatment.All the mice were sacrificed after treatment for 8 weeks.Th17 cells and Treg cells in splenic were examined by flow cytometry.Results:(1) The 24-hour proteinuria in the three groups had no significant difference before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).After therapy for 4 weeks,the 24-hour proteinuria in the ADSCs and CTX groups was much lower than those in control group,and the difference was significant [(5.02 ± 1.61) g/L vs.(7.10 ± 1.63) g/L,(4.90 ±0.71) g/L vs.(7.10 ± 1.63) g/L,P ＜ 0.05],and the longer the duration of treatment (8 weeks),the more obvious effect [(2.24 ± 0.73) g/L vs.(10.36 ± 1.64) g/L,(3.80 ± 1.45) g/L vs.(10.36 ± 1.64) g/L,P ＜0.01].There was no significant difference in 24-hour proteinuria between ADSCs group and CTX group (P ＞ 0.05).(2) Percentage of Treg cells/CD4 + T cells in the spleen lymphocytes:The percentages in ADSCs and CTX groups were higher than that in control group.The levels were 13.62％ ± 1.87％,14.14％ ± 1.29％,10.71％ ± 1.23％,respectively,but there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).(3) Percentage of Th17 cells/CD4 +T cells in the spleen lymphocytes:The percentages in ADSCs and CTX groups were significantly lower than that in control group.The levels were 1.43％ ± 0.20％,1.63％ ± 0.65％,6.37％ ± 1.64％,respectively,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:Transplantation of ADSCs can reduce the 24-hour proteinuria in MRL/lpr mice.To prolong the time of treatment,the effect is more significant.Transplantation of ADSCs can up-regulate Treg cells and down-regulate Th17 cells.ADSCs have the ability to regulate the immune balance of Th17/Treg in MRL/lpr mice,suggesting that ADSCs play the role of anti-inflammatory and immune regulation by regulating the Treg and Th17 cells.

Flavonoids from roots and rhizomes of Rhodiola crenulata / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the roots and rhizomes of Rhodiola crenulata. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by repeated silica gel chromatography and medium pressure column chromatography. Their structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR data. Results: Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fractions of R. crenulata including 3,5-dihydroxy-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavone (1), 3,5,7,3'-tetrahydroxyflavone (2), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone (3), kaemnpferol (4), kaemnpferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaemnpferol-3-O-α-L- rhamnopyranoside (6), tricin (7), tricin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), quercetin (9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (11), herbacetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), herbacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), and herbacetin-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside (14). Conclusion: Compounds 1-3 are isolated from the plants in Rhodiola L. for the first time, compounds 5-6, 8, 10-13 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

Efficacy and safety of Choudongning capsule (CDN)in children with Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Choudongning (CDN)capsule in children with Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation through a randomized double-blind three-arm controlled phase Ⅲ study in 588 patients from 8 hospitals. The included patients were randomly divided into test group, positive control group and placebo group at the ratio of 3∶1∶1. Patients in the test group orally took CDN capsules and simulated Tiapridal tablets; the patients in positive control group took Tiapridal tablets and simulated CDN capsules; whereas the patients in placebo group orally took the simulated agents of the above two drugs. The treatment course was 6 weeks for three groups. The global grading rates, YGTSS scores and its factor scores, the degree of social function damage, as well as traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy were evaluated as the outcome measures on efficacy. The AEs/ADRs, vital signs and laboratory testing were observed as outcome measures on safety. The total effective rate of YGTSS was 75.92% in the test group, 72.65% in the positive control group, and 37.29% in the placebo group. Non inferiority test stands between the test group and the positive control group, and they were superior to placebo group in efficacy with statistical difference. Significant difference had also been found among the 3 groups in YGTSS tics score, motor tics score, vocal tics, degree of social function damage and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy. During the study, there were 5 (1.42%)ADRs in the test group, 10 (8.55%)in the positive control group and 3 (2.54%)in the placebo group. The incidence of ADRs in the test group was lower than that in the positive control group, with statistical difference. It is clear to say that CDN capsule can effectively treat the Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation. Its efficacy is not inferior to the commonly used Tiapridal tablets, with even less adverse reactions, so it has clinical application value.

Preparation technology of isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C / 中草药

Objective: To establish a method for separation of isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C from Lonicerae Flos. Methods: Isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C in Lonicerae Flos were isolated and purified by macroporous resin and medium-low-pressure preparative chromatography. Their structures were identified on the basis of the spectral data and physicochemical property. Results: The contents of prepared isochlorogenic acids A, B and C were 98.7%, 99.2%, and 97.6%, respectively. Conclusion: This method is economic, simple, rapid, and effective for the preparation of isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C with high purity.

Directional separation of active ingredients of dehydrotumulosic acid from Guizhi Fuling Capsule by molecular imprinting technique / 中草药

To establish a method for directional separation of dehydrotumulosic acid from the extracts of Guizhi Fuling Capsule with molecular imprinting technique (MIT). Molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) was prepared by sol-gel process with dehydrotumulosic acid as molecular template to study the absorption property. The dehydrotumulosic acid was achieved from Guizhi Fuling Capsule by one-step separation with polymer as filler. The structure of dehydrotumulosic acid was identified on the basis of the spectral data and physicochemical property. The maximum binding capacity (Qmax) of MIP was 9.10 mg/g measured by Scatchard equation and the purity of dehydrotumulosic acid was 90.76% by HPLC. The established MIT for the directional separation of dehydrotumulosic acid from Guizhi Fuling Capsule is simple and benefit to reducing the solvent use during the separation process, which could offer a novel method for the separation and purification of dehydrotumulosic acid.

Anti-complementary phenolic acids from Lonicera japonica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anti-complementary phenolic acids from Lonicera japonica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The anti-complementary activity-directed isolation was carried out with the hemolysis test as guide. All isolation was evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Fourteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of L. japonica extracts, including 8 phenolic acids: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), chlorogenic (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), caffeic acid (7) and methyl caffeate acid (8); 3 iridoids: secologanoside (9), sweroside (10) and secoxyloganin (11); and 3 flavonoids: luteolin (12), quercetin (13) and kaempferol (14). Compounds 1-9 and 11-14 showed anti-complementary activity in different extents and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) exhibited the most significant activity against the classical pathway.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 14 is obtained from this plant for the first time, phenolic acids are the main anti-complementary constituents of L. japonica and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(4) is a potential complement inhibitor with strong activity, which worthy to be studied further in the future.</p>

Application of molecularly imprinted technology for separation of PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule / 中国中药杂志

1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) is one of the main active compounds of Guizhi Fuling capsule. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have high affinity toward template molecules synthesized by molecularly imprinted technology for its specific combined sites, which can overcome the shortcoming of traditional separation methods, such as complex operation, low efficiency, using large quantity of solvent and environmental pollution. In this paper, surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) was prepared by surface imprinting with PGG as the template molecule. Its adsorption capacity was measured by the scatchard equation. The separation of PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule at preparatived scale was achieved with molecularly imprinted polymer as stationary phase and the purity was 90.2% by HPLC. This method can be used to prepare PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule with large capacity and is easy to operate. It provides a new method for efficient separation and purification for other natural products.

Chemical constituents from Artemisia annua / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents of dried whole plants of Artemisia annua.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were isolated by repeated silica gel chromatography, medium pressure column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and comparison of NMR data with those reported in literature.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>15 compounds were isolated and identified to be 5-O-[(E)-Caffeoyl] quinic acid(l), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(2), 4 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(3), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), methyl-3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(6), methyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(7), 3,6'-O-diferuloylsucrose(8), 5'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxyjasmonic acid(9), Scopoletin(10), scoparone (11), 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxyl-6-methoxyacetophenone (12), chrysosplenol D (13), casticin (14), chrysosplenetin(15).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 2, 6, 8 and 9 are obtained from the Artemisia genus for the first time. Compounds 7 and 15 are obtained from this plant for the first time.</p>